نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دکترای تخصص، استادیار، دانش آموخته سطح 4 حوزه علمیه قم، قم، ایران
2 دانشیار، دانشکده الهیات و معارف اسلامی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران.
3 استادیار، دانشکده الهیات و معارف اسلامی دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی ، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
This research aims to analyze the jurisprudential and legal capacities of the Iranian legal system in interacting with domestic opponents and to provide practical solutions for improving this interaction within the framework of Islamic and legal values. The central question is: How can existing capacities be utilized for the optimal management of disagreements and the creation of an environment based on justice, human dignity, and civil participation? Employing an analytical-descriptive method and utilizing library and documentary resources, this study first addresses the conceptology and types of opposition, then examines the jurisprudential foundations for criticizing the government, and finally analyzes the legal capacities and challenges of the Iranian system, emphasizing principles of human dignity, legitimate freedoms, judicial guarantees, dialogue, and security. The findings indicate that Islamic jurisprudence (Fiqh), relying on Quranic verses and the practical tradition (Sirah) of the Imams (PBUH), offers ethical and reformative frameworks for interacting with opponents. Furthermore, the Iranian legal system, through constitutional principles (such as Articles 23, 24, and 27), provides capacities for protecting the rights of opponents, although challenges such as ambiguity in the limits of freedoms and a lack of formal platforms for dialogue remain. By distinguishing between legitimate and illegitimate criticism and considering Islamic teachings and the behavioral models of religious leaders, the results of this research propose practical solutions for optimizing interaction with domestic opponents, which can lead to a reduction in social tensions, the strengthening of national cohesion, and an increase in the civil participation of citizens.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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