نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسنده
گروه حقوق، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسنده [English]
Political unity among Muslim societies has always been one of the important and fundamental issues in Islamic political thought. From the past to the present, Muslim thinkers have sought ways to achieve political convergence and unity among Islamic societies. However, the proposed models have generally fluctuated between two approaches: a centralized single state and limited cooperation among independent states. The former faces challenges such as overlooking the historical, cultural, and religious diversity of Islamic societies, while the latter lacks the necessary common political structure to achieve lasting integration. The present study aims to propose a new model, referred to as the “Federation of Islamic Republics,” and examines and explains the feasibility of establishing a composite political structure based on the foundations of Islamic political jurisprudence and the principles of contemporary public law. The research employs a descriptive-analytical method and is based on the study of jurisprudential, exegetical, and political sources, comparative constitutional law, and the experiences of contemporary composite political systems. The findings indicate that achieving Islamic political unity does not require eliminating the historical, cultural, and religious differences among Islamic societies. Rather, it requires legally recognizing, regulating, and managing these differences within a federal system based on justice, participation, and the allocation of powers. According to the proposed model, the Federation of Islamic Republics would be a composite political system consisting of member Islamic republics that, while retaining their internal autonomy and political identities, would transfer a portion of their sovereign powers in common areas to federal institutions. This model is founded on principles such as Islamic unity, political justice, decentralization, the division of powers, equal participation of member states, and guaranteeing the role of Islamic schools of thought within the structure of political power. Institutions such as a Federal Leadership, Supreme Council of Jurisprudence of the Islamic Schools of Thought, Federal Assembly, Federal Executive and Judicial Institutions, and specialized common institutions would constitute the institutional framework for realizing the federation.
The novelty of the study lies in proposing a model that establishes a connection between the ideal of Islamic unity, the reality of diversity among Muslim societies, and the requirements of modern constitutional law. The study concludes that, by drawing upon the capacities of Islamic political jurisprudence and the experiences of contemporary composite states, it is possible to develop a new model for the political integration of Muslim societies that, while preserving the autonomy of its members, enables shared governance and the realization of the collective interests of the Islamic Ummah.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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